Install MySQL on Windows 11 and Connect with JetBrains PyCharm

What You will Learn From This Video:

1. How to Download MySQL?

2. How to Install MySQL on Windows 11?

3. How to Add MySQL Directory Location on Environment Variable? 

4. How to Install Python on Windows 11?

5. How to Connect MySQL with PyCharm Easily? 

6. How to Create MySQL Database from PyCharm?

How Python Works - পাইথন কিভাবে কাজ করে?

 📖 Seven years ago, I found myself in an interview for a Python developer position.

A seemingly simple question was thrown at me: "How does Python code work?"

Despite using Python daily, I stumbled at explaining its inner workings.

That moment ignited a quest within me to delve deeper into Python.

Today, I am excited to share this knowledge with you all. 🐍

Let's walk through a simplified guide to understanding how your Python code becomes a functioning program:

1️⃣ 𝗪𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗲: We start with typing out our Python program in a text editor, saving it as a '.py' file.

2️⃣ 𝗣𝘆𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗻 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗽𝗿𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗿: When we run the program, it's sent into the Python Interpreter, which is made up of two parts:

𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗿: This part changes our Python code into something called byte code. This byte code is saved in a '.pyc' file, helping our program run faster the next time.

𝗣𝘆𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗻 𝗩𝗶𝗿𝘁𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗠𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗲 (𝗣𝗩𝗠): The PVM uses the byte code and follows the instructions one by one until the program is finished or runs into an error.

3️⃣ 𝗟𝗶𝗯𝗿𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗠𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗹𝗲𝘀: If our program uses library modules from Python's standard library or elsewhere, these are also changed into byte code. The PVM then uses this byte code, allowing our program to use the features of these modules.

4️⃣ 𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗕𝘆𝘁𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝗠𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗲: The PVM further converts the byte code into machine code, which is a series of 1s and 0s. This machine code is what your computer's brain, the CPU, can directly understand.

5️⃣ 𝗥𝘂𝗻𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺: After the machine code is ready, your computer uses it to run your program. And there you have it! Your Python program is up and running.

Understanding the transition from Python code to a running program provides insight into how Python, as an interpreted language, bridges the gap between the high-level code we write and the low-level operations performed by a computer.

Remember, the challenging questions often lead us to the most significant growth.

So keep asking, keep learning, and keep growing.

The deeper our understanding, the better we get at solving problems. 🚀

How Python Django Works - জ্যাঙ্গো কিভাবে কাজ করে?

 

Did you know that Instagram is made using Django despite the huge traffic that happens in this system. 

Yes django isn't the best thing from the performance side and this is clear from the picture that there is a very big trip the request takes but watch out speed is just one of thousands of factors for example security and scalability and these are two things that django is characterized by in a terrible way and for Ok, let us understand the rest of the Django working: 

First the request goes to the server and makes it a process using Nginx server which is the first stop for the request and then it goes to the WSGI process which converts the http request to the form of Python you understand it and then you receive it the middleware and this is a very normal function that rings before the request reaches its face 

For example: she makes sure that the user is authenticated or that the IP of the user is allowed or not and so on After that, we go to the URL router and this function you see the url in its shape and on the basis of which you send it to the appropriate view, and who does not know what the view means is your main function in which you receive the request and then make your logic and return the response to the user. 

How to Install Windows 11 Perfectly - Step Step Described in Way

Differences Between MySQL and Postgres

 

MySQL and Postgres are two of the most popular SQL databases. They have some key differences in syntax and features which can make jumping between the two a bit tricky.

Here are 5 differences that can have impact in your queries, that I faced personally.

1. MySQL is case insensitive, Postgres is case sensitive

- 𝚜𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚌𝚝 𝙸𝙳, 𝙽𝙰𝙼𝙴 𝚏𝚛𝚘𝚖 𝚞𝚜𝚎𝚛𝚜 𝚠𝚑𝚎𝚛𝚎 𝚗𝚊𝚖𝚎 = '𝙹𝚘𝚑𝚗'

- 𝚜𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚌𝚝 𝚒𝚍, 𝚗𝚊𝚖𝚎 𝚏𝚛𝚘𝚖 𝚞𝚜𝚎𝚛𝚜 𝚠𝚑𝚎𝚛𝚎 𝚗𝚊𝚖𝚎 = '𝚓𝚘𝚑𝚗'

- In Postgres, searching for "john" vs "John" will yield different results, whereas in MySQL it will return the same result set

- Also, selecting "ID, NAME" will throw an error in Postgres if the columns are lowercase (which they should be for Postgres)

2. MySQL allows camelCase for identifiers, Postgres does not

- select dob as 𝚍𝚊𝚝𝚎𝙾𝚏𝙱𝚒𝚛𝚝𝚑 from users where id = 1

- This query will return the dataset with the 𝚍𝚊𝚝𝚎𝙾𝚏𝙱𝚒𝚛𝚝𝚑 column for MySQL, but 𝚍𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚘𝚏𝚋𝚒𝚛𝚝𝚑 for Postgres. Be careful when mapping raw query results to objects in code.

3. MySQL allows ON UPDATE to auto-update column values, but Postgres does not

- For columns like updated_at, in MySQL we can simply declare the table definition as “𝚌𝚘𝚕𝚞𝚖𝚗 𝚞𝚙𝚍𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚍_𝚊𝚝 𝚍𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚎 𝚘𝚗 𝚞𝚙𝚍𝚊𝚝𝚎 𝚌𝚞𝚛𝚛𝚎𝚗𝚝_𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚙”

- In postgres, you have to create a separate trigger on the table to achieve the same thing

4. MySQL allows the use of boolean column values interchangeably between 1/0 and TRUE/FALSE, while Postgres only uses TRUE/FALSE values.

- For columns like updated_at, in MySQL we can simply declare the table definition as “column updated_at datetime on update current_timestamp”

- In Postgres, you have to create a separate trigger on the table to achieve the same thing

    - select * from users where is_active = 1

    - let’s say is_active is a boolean column. this query will work in mysql but not in postgres

    

5. MySQL allows bulk-updating multiple rows for a partial set of columns, while for Postgres you must pass the whole row’s values

- In MySQL you can do something like this, where you can update columns for multiple records by the primary ID (or unique constraint), while keeping other columns intact.

  𝙸𝙽𝚂𝙴𝚁𝚃 𝙸𝙽𝚃𝙾 𝚝𝟷 (𝚒𝚍,𝚗𝚊𝚖𝚎) 𝚅𝙰𝙻𝚄𝙴𝚂 (𝟷,'𝙹𝚘𝚑𝚗'),(𝟸,'𝙹𝚊𝚗𝚎') 𝙰𝚂 𝚗𝚎𝚠

  𝙾𝙽 𝙳𝚄𝙿𝙻𝙸𝙲𝙰𝚃𝙴 𝙺𝙴𝚈 𝚄𝙿𝙳𝙰𝚃𝙴 𝚗𝚊𝚖𝚎 = 𝚗𝚎𝚠.𝚗𝚊𝚖𝚎;

- For Postgres there is a similar "𝙾𝙽 𝙲𝙾𝙽𝙵𝙻𝙸𝙲𝚃 (𝚒𝚍) 𝙳𝙾 𝚄𝙿𝙳𝙰𝚃𝙴” statement, but for that you cannot just have “id,name”, you will need to pass all the columns of the user table for the bulk-update to work.

1. MySQL is case insensitive, Postgres is not

2. MySQL allows camelCase identifiers, Postgres does not

3. MySQL allows "ON UPDATE" for columns, Postgres needs a trigger for the same

4. MySQL allows 1/0 and TRUE/FALSE for Boolean, while Postgres only allows 1/0

5. MySQL allows bulk-updating a partial set of columns for multiple records, Postgres does not

6. Postgres has no autoincrement. Mysql allows for an autoincrement on PRIMARY KEY.

MySQL also has a 'heartbeat' for easy replication/synchronization. Postgres does not.

Best Free Video Production Tools

Unleashing Your Creativity with OBS Studio: A Powerful Broadcasting Tool

Introduction:

In an era where content creation and live streaming have become increasingly popular, having the right tools to capture, produce, and share your creations is essential. Enter OBS Studio, a versatile and feature-rich software that has emerged as the go-to choice for both aspiring and professional content creators. This article explores the essence of OBS Studio, its key features, and why it has become an indispensable tool for individuals across various domains.

What is OBS Studio?

OBS Studio, short for Open Broadcaster Software Studio, is a free and open-source software for video recording and live streaming. Originally developed by Hugh "Jim" Bailey as a personal project, OBS Studio has evolved into a robust platform that supports Windows, macOS, and Linux, making it accessible to a wide range of users.

Key Features of OBS Studio:

Live Streaming: OBS Studio enables users to effortlessly broadcast their content across popular platforms such as Twitch, YouTube, Facebook Live, and more. With support for multiple stream profiles and customizable settings, it offers flexibility for various streaming requirements.

Scene Composition: The software's scene system allows users to create complex layouts by combining multiple sources such as captured windows, images, text, webcams, and more. Users can seamlessly switch between scenes during a live stream or recording, enhancing visual engagement for viewers.

Audio Mixing: OBS Studio facilitates precise audio control through a mixer, enabling users to manage multiple audio sources independently. This feature is particularly valuable for live streamers who often need to balance game audio, microphone input, music, and other sound effects.

Transition Effects: Smoothly transitioning between scenes is crucial for maintaining a polished production. OBS Studio offers a range of transition effects, including fade, swipe, stinger, and more. These transitions add a professional touch to content and improve viewer experience.

Video Recording: In addition to live streaming, OBS Studio allows users to record high-quality videos locally. It offers various encoding options, allowing users to choose the desired resolution, frame rate, and bitrate to suit their recording needs.

Plugin Support: OBS Studio's plugin architecture empowers users to extend the software's functionality and customize their workflows. A vibrant community of developers has contributed numerous plugins, expanding the software's capabilities even further.

Why Use OBS Studio?

Versatility: OBS Studio caters to a wide range of users, from gamers and podcasters to educators and professionals. Whether you're a content creator sharing gameplay footage, a teacher delivering online lectures, or a business conducting webinars, OBS Studio provides the tools you need.

Cost-effective: OBS Studio's open-source nature means it is entirely free to use, making it an attractive choice for individuals and organizations with budget constraints. Despite its cost-effectiveness, OBS Studio doesn't compromise on quality or functionality.

User-Friendly Interface: While OBS Studio boasts advanced features, its interface remains intuitive and user-friendly. The software provides a straightforward setup process and offers extensive documentation and community support to assist users of all skill levels.

High Performance: OBS Studio is known for its low system resource usage, ensuring smooth performance even during resource-intensive tasks. It leverages hardware acceleration, optimizing performance while minimizing strain on the CPU.

Official Website: https://obsproject.com/

KDenLive: Empowering Video Editing with Open-Source Excellence

Introduction:

When it comes to video editing, having a reliable and feature-rich software can make all the difference in creating captivating content. KDenLive, an open-source non-linear video editing software, has emerged as a powerful tool for both amateur and professional video editors. In this article, we will delve into the world of KDenLive, exploring its features, advantages, and why it has become a compelling alternative to proprietary software like Adobe Premiere Pro.

What is KDenLive?

KDenLive is a free and open-source video editing software, designed to provide a comprehensive solution for creating high-quality videos. Developed for Linux systems, it is also compatible with Windows and macOS, making it accessible to a wide range of users. KDenLive utilizes a non-linear editing approach, allowing editors to work with multiple video and audio tracks simultaneously.

Key Features of KDenLive:

Multitrack Editing: KDenLive enables users to work with an unlimited number of video and audio tracks, providing flexibility in creating complex compositions. This feature is particularly beneficial when dealing with multi-camera footage or incorporating multiple audio sources.

Advanced Effects and Transitions: With KDenLive, editors can apply a wide range of effects and transitions to enhance their videos creatively. From basic adjustments like color correction and cropping to advanced effects such as chroma keying and keyframing, KDenLive offers comprehensive tools to elevate the visual appeal of your content.

Timeline and Clip Management: The software provides an intuitive timeline interface, allowing precise control over the arrangement and duration of clips. Users can easily trim, split, and rearrange clips, simplifying the editing process and improving overall workflow efficiency.

Proxy Editing: To ensure smooth editing of high-resolution footage, KDenLive offers proxy editing. This feature generates lower-resolution proxy files for editing, reducing the strain on system resources. Editors can switch seamlessly between proxy and original files for faster editing while maintaining the quality during the final render.

Audio Mixing and Keyframing: KDenLive provides comprehensive audio editing capabilities, including volume adjustment, audio keyframing, and noise reduction. This allows editors to achieve a balanced audio mix, enhance dialogue clarity, and control audio levels throughout the video.

Why Use KDenLive?

Open-Source Freedom: KDenLive's open-source nature means it is free to download, use, and modify. This makes it an appealing choice for individuals and organizations with limited budgets. Additionally, the open-source community provides regular updates, bug fixes, and feature enhancements, ensuring a continuously evolving software.

Cross-Platform Compatibility: KDenLive's compatibility with Linux, Windows, and macOS enables users to seamlessly transition between different operating systems without compromising their projects. This flexibility allows video editors to work with their preferred system or adapt to different environments as needed.

User-Friendly Interface: Despite its robust capabilities, KDenLive boasts a user-friendly interface, making it accessible to both beginners and experienced editors. The software offers an intuitive layout, customizable workspace, and extensive documentation, providing a smooth learning curve for newcomers.

Integration with Other Tools: KDenLive integrates well with other open-source tools, expanding its functionality and allowing users to enhance their editing process. From audio tools like Audacity to graphic design software like GIMP, KDenLive seamlessly integrates with various applications, providing a comprehensive editing ecosystem.

KDenLive  VS Adobe Premiere Pro

While Adobe Premiere Pro is a widely-used proprietary software, KDenLive offers several advantages:

• Cost: KDenLive is free, making it a cost-effective choice, especially for those on a tight budget.
• Open-Source Customization: KDenLive's open-source nature allows users to modify and extend the software, tailoring it to their specific needs.
• Cross-Platform Compatibility: KDenLive supports multiple operating systems, enabling editors to work seamlessly across platforms without additional licensing costs.
• Community Support: KDenLive benefits from a passionate open-source community that actively contributes to its development and provides support through forums and online resources.

Official Website: https://kdenlive.org/en/download/

Audacity: The Sound of Creativity and Versatility

Introduction:

When it comes to audio editing and recording, having a reliable and feature-rich software can make all the difference in achieving professional-quality results. Audacity, an open-source audio editing software, has become a go-to choice for both beginners and experts in the field. In this article, we will explore the world of Audacity, its powerful features, and the reasons why it has gained widespread popularity among audio enthusiasts.

What is Audacity?

Audacity is a free and open-source digital audio workstation (DAW) that provides a comprehensive suite of tools for recording, editing, and mixing audio. Compatible with Windows, macOS, and Linux, Audacity offers a user-friendly interface that allows users to manipulate audio files with precision and flexibility.

Key Features of Audacity:

Recording and Editing: Audacity allows users to record audio directly or import existing audio files for editing. With its multi-track capability, users can work with multiple audio sources simultaneously, making it ideal for podcasts, music production, voiceovers, and more.

Editing Tools: Audacity provides a wide range of editing tools, enabling users to perform precise adjustments to their audio. These tools include cut, copy, paste, trim, and delete, allowing for seamless editing and arrangement of audio clips.

Effects and Plugins: Audacity offers a plethora of built-in audio effects and supports third-party plugins. Users can apply effects like equalization, noise reduction, compression, reverb, and more to enhance the quality and creativity of their audio projects.

Spectrogram View: The spectrogram view in Audacity provides a visual representation of audio frequencies over time. This feature is particularly useful for analyzing and editing audio recordings, identifying specific sound frequencies, and troubleshooting audio issues.

Batch Processing: Audacity's batch processing feature allows users to apply the same set of effects or editing actions to multiple audio files simultaneously. This saves time and effort, especially when working with large batches of audio files.

Export and Import Options: Audacity supports a wide range of audio file formats, including WAV, MP3, AIFF, FLAC, and more. It also allows users to export audio projects to various formats, making it easy to share and distribute their creations.

Why Use Audacity?

Free and Open Source: Audacity is free to download and use, making it an affordable option for audio enthusiasts, professionals, and those with limited budgets. Its open-source nature also encourages community contributions, resulting in regular updates, bug fixes, and improvements.

User-Friendly Interface: Despite its powerful capabilities, Audacity boasts a user-friendly interface that caters to both beginners and advanced users. The software offers a straightforward layout, intuitive controls, and comprehensive documentation, ensuring a smooth learning curve for all users.

Versatility and Flexibility: Audacity is a versatile tool that caters to a wide range of audio editing needs. Whether you're editing podcasts, creating music, cleaning up recordings, or conducting audio research, Audacity provides the tools necessary for professional-quality results.

Extensive Editing Tools: Audacity's comprehensive set of editing tools allows users to perform precise adjustments, corrections, and enhancements to their audio. From basic edits to advanced effects and processing, Audacity empowers users to achieve their desired audio outcomes.

Supportive Community: Audacity benefits from a dedicated community of users and developers who actively contribute to its development and provide support. Online forums, tutorials, and resources are readily available, ensuring assistance is always within reach.

Official Website: https://www.audacityteam.org/download/

Sololearn: Create a timer program that will take the number of seconds as input, output the remaining time and countdown to 0.

Create a timer program that will take the number of seconds as input, output the remaining time and countdown to 0.

Example:
Input: 3

Expected Output:
3
2
1
0

------------------------------

In Python3

# take the number as input number = int(input()) #use a while loop for the countdown while number >= 0: print(number) number -= 1

--------------------------

In JS

let num = parseInt(readLine(), 10); //your code goes here while (num > -1) { console.log(num); num--; }

--------------

In C++

#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int seconds; cin >> seconds; while (0 <= seconds){ cout << seconds << endl; seconds--; } return 0; }